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Mangrove forest UPSC NOTE

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  West Bengal, with around 40% of India's mangrove forests , has announced the establishment of a 'mangrove cell' in the state....

 


  • West Bengal, with around 40% of India's mangrove forests, has announced the establishment of a 'mangrove cell' in the state.

  • The announcement was made on the occasion of the International Day (July 26) for the Conservation of the Mangrove Ecosystem.

  • The mangrove cell's primary focus is on mangrove management, and it will ensure continuity in the state government's efforts.

  • The cell has developed an action plan for mangrove plantation, maintenance, and coordination with NGOs.

  • The cell aims to generate funds from private and international sectors to support its initiatives for mangrove conservation and restoration.

  • A Mangrove is a small tree or shrub that grows along coastlines, taking root in salty sediments, often underwater.

  • The word ‘mangrove’ may refer to the habitat as a whole or to the trees and shrubs in the mangrove swamp.

  • Mangroves are flowering trees, belonging to the families Rhizophoraceae, Acanthaceae, Lythraceae, Combretaceae, and Arecaceae.

  • mangrove root system absorbs oxygen from the atmosphere, called breathing roots or pneumatophores.

  • Mangroves are found only along sheltered coastlines within the tropical or subtropical latitudes because they cannot withstand freezing temperatures.

  • According to the India State of Forest Report, 2019, the mangrove cover in India is 4,975 sq km, which is 0.15% of the country’s total geographical area.

  • West Bengal has the highest percentage of area under total Mangrove cover followed by Gujarat and Andaman Nicobar Islands.

  • Sundarbans in West Bengal are the largest mangrove forest regions in the world. It is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Importance of Mangroves

  • They protect coastal areas from Tsunamis storm surges and soil erosions; due to their complex root systems which dissipate sea wave energy

  • Sediment deposition is a visible feature which arrests coastal erosion and seawater pollution

  • Many fish species and other fauna breeds here

  • They are an important source of livelihood for communities found in and around mangrove forests: Collection of Honey, Tanning, Wax, Fishing

  • They are carbon sinks

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Learnerz IAS | Concept oriented UPSC Classes in Malayalam: Mangrove forest UPSC NOTE
Mangrove forest UPSC NOTE
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