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SCO Summit UPSC NOTE

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  Why in News Indian delegation at the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) Defence Ministers’ meeting in Asthana, Kazakhstan , emphasise...

 Why in News

  • Indian delegation at the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) Defence Ministers’ meeting in Asthana, Kazakhstan, emphasised the need to adopt a zero-tolerance approach towards terrorism in all its forms for prosperity and development of the SCO member states

Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO)

  • SCO is a permanent intergovernmental international organisation.

  • It’s a Eurasian political, economic and military organisation aiming to maintain peace, security and stability in the region.

  • It was created in 2001.

  • Prior to the creation of SCO in 2001, Kazakhstan, China, Kyrgyzstan, Russia and Tajikistan were members of the Shanghai Five.

  • Shanghai Five (1996) emerged from a series of border demarcation and demilitarization talks which the four former Soviet republics held with China to ensure stability along the borders.

  • Following the accession of Uzbekistan to the organisation in 2001, the Shanghai Five was renamed the SCO.

  • The SCO Charter was signed in 2002, and entered into force in 2003

  • India and Pakistan became members in 2017

  • The SCO's official languages are Russian and Chinese

  • Member countries: Kazakhstan, China, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, India, Pakistan, Iran (9th, last member)

Structure of SCO

  • Heads of State Council – The supreme SCO body which decides its internal functioning and its interaction with other States & international organisations, and considers international issues.

  • Heads of Government Council – Approves the budget, considers and decides upon issues related economic spheres of interaction within SCO.

  • Council of Ministers of Foreign Affairs – Considers issues related to day-to-day activities.

  • Regional Anti-Terrorist Structure (RATS) – Established to combat terrorism, separatism and extremism.

  • SCO Secretariat – Based in Beijing to provide informational, analytical & organisational support.

Astana

  • Astana, most recently known as Nur-Sultan, is the capital city of Kazakhstan.

  • The city lies on the banks of the Ishim River in the north-central part of Kazakhstan, within the Akmola Region, though administered as a city with special status separately from the rest of the region

  • It is the second-largest city in the country, after Almaty, which had been the capital until 1997


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Learnerz IAS | Concept oriented UPSC Classes in Malayalam: SCO Summit UPSC NOTE
SCO Summit UPSC NOTE
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