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Ultra-processed foods and mortality risk UPSC NOTE

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  Ultra-processed foods and mortality risk Higher consumption of most ultra-processed foods is linked to a slightly higher risk of death . W...

 Ultra-processed foods and mortality risk

  • Higher consumption of most ultra-processed foods is linked to a slightly higher risk of death.

  • With ready-to-eat meat, poultry, and seafood based products, sugary drinks, dairy based desserts.

  • Also highly processed breakfast foods showing the strongest associations.

  • Finds a 30-year U.S. observational study. 

  • The results were published in the journal The BMJ.

  • The researchers say not all ultra-processed food products should be universally restricted.

  • But that their findings “provide support for limiting consumption of certain types of ultra-processed food for long term health.

  • Mounting evidence links ultra-processed foods to higher risks of obesity, heart disease, diabetes and bowel cancer.

  • But few long term studies have examined links to all causes and cause specific deaths, especially due to cancer.

  • To address this knowledge gap, researchers tracked the long-term health of 74,563 female registered nurses from 11 States in the Nurses’ Health Study (1984-2018).

  • 39,501 male health professionals from all 50 U.S. states in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (1986-2018) .

  • With no history of cancer, cardiovascular diseases, or diabetes at study enrolment.

  • Every two years participants provided information on their health and lifestyle habits, and every four years they completed a detailed food questionnaire. 

  • Overall dietary quality was also assessed using the Alternative Healthy Eating Index-2010 (AHEI) score.

  • During an average 34-year follow-up period, the researchers identified 48,193 deaths, including 13,557 deaths due to cancer.

  • 11,416 deaths due to cardiovascular diseases.

  • 3,926 deaths due to respiratory diseases.

  • 6,343 deaths due to neurodegenerative diseases.

  • Compared with participants in the lowest quarter of ultra-processed food intake (average three servings per day).

  • Those in the highest quarter (average seven servings per day) had a 4% higher risk of total death.

  • A 9% higher risk of other deaths, including an 8% higher risk of neurodegenerative deaths.

  • No associations were found for deaths due to cardiovascular diseases, cancer, or respiratory diseases. 

  • In absolute numbers, the rate of death from any cause among participants in the lowest and highest quarter of ultra-processed food intake was 1,472 and 1,536 per 100,000 person years, respectively.

  • The association between ultra-processed food intake and death varied across specific food groups.

  • With meat, poultry, and seafood based ready-to-eat products showing the strongest and most consistent associations.

  • Followed by sugar sweetened and artificially sweetened beverages, dairy based desserts, and ultra-processed breakfast food.

  • The association was less pronounced after overall dietary quality was taken into account, suggesting that dietary quality has a stronger influence on long term health than ultra-processed food consumption.  

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Learnerz IAS | Concept oriented UPSC Classes in Malayalam: Ultra-processed foods and mortality risk UPSC NOTE
Ultra-processed foods and mortality risk UPSC NOTE
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