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Hepatitis A Vaccination in Kerala UPSC NOTE

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  Improved sanitation and hygiene in Kerala are leading to hepatitis A infection shifting from young children to adolescents and young adult...

 

  • Improved sanitation and hygiene in Kerala are leading to hepatitis A infection shifting from young children to adolescents and young adults.

  • This is because childhood infection provided immunity, but better hygiene reduces exposure in early years.

Hepatitis A in Children:

  • Hepatitis A infection is usually mild in children under 6 years old.

  • In 70% of cases, children show no symptoms.

  • However, vaccination is still recommended to prevent severe illness later in life.

Hepatitis A Outbreaks:

  • Kerala has faced frequent hepatitis A outbreaks in recent years, with some outbreaks leading to fatalities.

Vaccination as a Solution:

  • A study found that vaccinating children at age 1 and adolescents at age 15 with either a live or inactivated vaccine is cost-effective.

Cost Analysis:

  • Vaccination costs were compared to projected treatment costs over five years.

  • Vaccinating adolescents is projected to save significant money compared to treatment costs regardless of the vaccine type.

  • For children under 1, vaccination costs may be higher than treatment costs over five years.

  • However, the study suggests long-term savings due to lifelong immunity provided by vaccination.

Vaccine Options:

  • Live attenuated vaccine requires one dose and is generally less expensive.

  • Inactivated vaccine requires two doses and is more expensive.

Overall Benefit:

  • Both vaccines are considered cost-effective as they prevent future healthcare costs.

  • Although vaccination may not show net savings for children under 1 within the first five years, the benefits of lifelong immunity will lead to significant cost savings in the long run.

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Learnerz IAS | Concept oriented UPSC Classes in Malayalam: Hepatitis A Vaccination in Kerala UPSC NOTE
Hepatitis A Vaccination in Kerala UPSC NOTE
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Learnerz IAS | Concept oriented UPSC Classes in Malayalam
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