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LUCA UPSC NOTE

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  Origin of Life Theories: Various theories exist about how life began, but none have conclusive proof. The Oparin-Haldane hypothesis , prop...

 Origin of Life Theories:

  • Various theories exist about how life began, but none have conclusive proof.

  • The Oparin-Haldane hypothesis, proposed in the 1920s, suggests that life's building blocks formed from a "primordial soup" on early Earth.

  • The Miller-Urey experiment in 1952 supported this hypothesis by showing that amino acids could be created from inorganic compounds under simulated early Earth conditions.

  • Another theory suggests that meteorites could have brought life's building blocks to Earth, supported by discoveries of extraterrestrial organic materials and amino acids on asteroids

LUCA and the Molecular Clock:

  • Life's diversity today is believed to have evolved from a single cell called the last universal common ancestor (LUCA).

  • The molecular clock theory helps estimate the timing of evolutionary events by tracking mutation rates in genomes.

  • Researchers use fossil records and genome sequences to calibrate this clock and understand life's evolution.

Recent Findings on LUCA:

  • A study estimates that LUCA originated around 4.2 billion years ago, shortly after Earth's formation.

  • LUCA likely had a small genome and produced metabolites that could have supported other emerging microbes.

  • This pushes back the estimated origin of life by almost a billion years compared to previous fossil-based estimates.

Its Implications:

  • Understanding LUCA's origin and evolution helps search for life forms elsewhere in the universe.

  • Insights into evolution can aid in engineering synthetic organisms for various applications on Earth and potentially moderating ecosystems on other planets.


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Learnerz IAS | Concept oriented UPSC Classes in Malayalam: LUCA UPSC NOTE
LUCA UPSC NOTE
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