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MRSA infections and Vancomycin UPSC NOTE

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  Why in news A new study highlights the potential for Staphylococcus aureus to adapt and develop resistance to vancomycin , a key antibiot...

 Why in news

  • A new study highlights the potential for Staphylococcus aureus to adapt and develop resistance to vancomycin, a key antibiotic used to treat MRSA infections.

  • With over 100,000 deaths linked to MRSA in 2019, the findings raise alarms about the long-term effectiveness of current treatments.

  • The study's results suggest that continued use of vancomycin may not be sustainable, prompting calls for new antibiotics and treatment strategies

What is MRSA Infections and Vancomycin?

  • Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a strain of bacteria resistant to multiple antibiotics, making it difficult to treat.

  • MRSA can cause a range of organ-specific infections, the most common being the skin and subcutaneous tissues

    • followed by invasive infections like osteomyelitis, meningitis, pneumonia

  • Resistance arises from mutations in penicillin-binding proteins and can be transferred between bacteria via bacteriophages

  • The mecA gene is responsible for MRSA's resistance, producing a protein that reduces the effectiveness of beta-lactam antibiotics.

  • MRSA was first identified in 1961, with increasing prevalence, especially in the U.S.

  • Vancomycin has been the primary treatment for MRSA for over 40 years and is generally effective, with rare cases of resistance (Vancomycin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus -VRSA) reported.

  • MRSA can acquire resistance to vancomycin through gene transfer, specifically the vanA operon, which can compromise its growth rate.

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Learnerz IAS | Concept oriented UPSC Classes in Malayalam: MRSA infections and Vancomycin UPSC NOTE
MRSA infections and Vancomycin UPSC NOTE
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Learnerz IAS | Concept oriented UPSC Classes in Malayalam
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