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Delhi's pollution crisis UPSC NOTE

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  Air Quality Index (AQI) AQI measures the concentration of pollutants like PM10, PM2.5, NO2, SO2, CO, O3, NH3, and Pb . It helps assess air...

 Air Quality Index (AQI)

  • AQI measures the concentration of pollutants like PM10, PM2.5, NO2, SO2, CO, O3, NH3, and Pb.

  • It helps assess air quality in a location, with "good" air (0-50) to "severe" levels (above 300).

Health Impacts of Poor Air Quality

  • PM2.5 is particularly harmful as it penetrates deep into the lungs, affecting respiratory and cardiovascular health.

  • Long-term exposure to pollution is linked to increased risks of cancer, systemic inflammation, and premature death.

  • In 2019, 1.67 million deaths in India were linked to air pollution, with Delhi having a higher-than-average death rate due to PM pollution.

  • The poor suffer disproportionately from pollution exposure, with children in lower-income areas facing more severe health consequences.

Contributors to Delhi’s Pollution

  • Vehicles contribute to more than half of Delhi's PM2.5 levels (34% from exhaust, 24% from tyre/brake wear).

  • While stubble burning in neighboring states contributes to pollution, it is not the sole factor—Delhi’s own emissions are significant.

  • In winter, cold air traps pollutants, making the air worse, while factors like wind and rain help improve air quality during other seasons.

Policy Gaps and Ineffectiveness

  • Measures like "odd-even" vehicle restrictions and water sprinklers are short-term and ineffective, offering no long-term solution.

  • Both the Delhi and central governments blame each other for the pollution crisis without taking effective steps.

Need for Sustainable Solutions

  • A shift toward sustainable urban design and transport, including cleaner public transportation and better last-mile connectivity, is crucial.

  • Transitioning from private vehicles to cleaner energy public transport would significantly reduce vehicle-related pollution.

  • Addressing pollution requires more than temporary measures; it needs a comprehensive health strategy, including pollution monitoring and awareness programs.

  • A long-term strategy should focus on reducing emissions, improving public transport, and enhancing green spaces.

  • Government and public sector collaboration is essential for effective pollution control, especially in tackling the root causes of air pollution in the city.

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Learnerz IAS | Concept oriented UPSC Classes in Malayalam: Delhi's pollution crisis UPSC NOTE
Delhi's pollution crisis UPSC NOTE
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