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Seaweeds UPSC NOTE

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  Why in news The Indian government has issued guidelines for importing live seaweeds . The initiative is expected to promote seaweed enterp...

 Why in news

  • The Indian government has issued guidelines for importing live seaweeds.

  • The initiative is expected to promote seaweed enterprises, enhancing socio-economic conditions for fisher communities while ensuring environmental protection.

  • Importers must submit a detailed application to the Department of Fisheries, which will review it and issue permits within four weeks.

What is Seaweeds

  • Seaweeds are macroscopic, multicellular, marine algae. 

  • They come in a variety of colors, including red, green, and brown.

  • They are referred to as the 'Medical Food of the 21st Century’.

  • Seaweeds are found mostly in the intertidal region, in shallow and deep waters of the sea and also in estuaries and backwaters.

  • Large seaweeds form dense underwater forests known as kelp forests, which act as underwater nurseries for fish, snails and sea urchins.

  • India boasts approximately 844 reported seaweed species in its seas.

  • Some specific species, such as Gelidiella acerosa, Gracilaria, Sargassum, Turbinaria, and Cystoseira trinodis are cultivated for the production of agar, alginates, and liquid seaweed fertilizer.

    • Agar is obtained from red algae and is used as thickening and gelling agent in jellies, puddings, jams etc

    • Alginate is obtained from brown algae and used as thickener and stabilizer in ice cream, sauces, and dressings.

  • Abundant seaweed resources are found along the Tamil Nadu and Gujarat coasts, as well as around Lakshadweep and the Andaman & Nicobar Islands.

Significance:

  • They act as bio-indicator by absorbing excess nutrients and signalling marine chemical damage caused by waste from agriculture, industries, and households, often leading to algal blooming.

  • They play a vital role in restoring ecosystem balance.

  • Seaweed is a nutritional powerhouse, rich in vitamins, minerals, and dietary fibre.

  • Many seaweeds contain anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial agents. 

  • Seaweed is the best source of iodine.

  • Seaweed extracts are used in a wide range of products, including cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and bioplastics

  • Seaweed absorbs carbon dioxide from the atmosphere as it grows, making it a potential tool in the fight against climate change.

  • Studies suggest cultivating and sinking seaweed could effectively store long-term carbon.

  • Seaweed farming provides income and empowers coastal communities, particularly women and small-scale farmers.

  • It requires minimal investment and offers relatively quick returns.

  • Seaweeds are utilized for various purposes, including laxatives, pharmaceutical capsules, goiter treatment, cancer therapy, bone replacement, and cardiovascular surgeries.

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Learnerz IAS | Concept oriented UPSC Classes in Malayalam: Seaweeds UPSC NOTE
Seaweeds UPSC NOTE
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