Health Challenges in Urban India
A recent BMTC bus driver’s death from a cardiac arrest highlights rising health issues among urban workers, such as gig workers, sanitation staff, and transport workers.
Many of these workers lack health insurance, face poor working conditions, and are often exposed to hazardous environments without adequate nutrition or hygiene.
Vulnerable groups, like migrant and informal workers, live in slums and face compounded health risks due to poor housing, limited healthcare access, and social marginalization.
Poor Implementation of Health Policies
India has a national non-communicable diseases (NCD) surveillance policy, but it’s poorly executed due to overburdened, fragmented urban health systems and rapid urbanization.
Urban areas, home to over half the world’s population, face significant health challenges, especially among marginalized communities.
There is a rise in NCDs like hypertension, diabetes, and obesity, while tobacco and alcohol consumption have declined.
However, inadequate screening and prevention increase out-of-pocket health expenses, worsening financial instability for families.
Social Determinants of Health
Health outcomes are shaped by factors such as work conditions, migration status, and access to healthcare, especially in marginalized communities.
The public health system, which should serve the most vulnerable, fails to reach urban marginal populations due to poor primary healthcare infrastructure.
Universal health coverage is not accessible to all, and the lack of preventative care leads to generational poor health outcomes, requiring a coordinated approach across sectors like employers, municipalities, and health systems.
Leveraging Technology for Health Improvement
Digital technology offers the potential for real-time monitoring of health conditions like hypertension and diabetes, empowering individuals and communities.
Regular screening can inform public health planning and raise awareness about health risks at the individual and community level.
State-level action plans should focus on improving primary healthcare access for marginalized urban communities, including migrants and informal workers
Involve local bodies, health departments, and community organizations in co-creating solutions for healthier cities.
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