Beijing's Success in Reducing Air Pollution
Beijing, in 2015, had an air quality index (AQI) of 144, similar to Delhi's current AQI of 155 in 2024.
Beijing reduced its pollution by one-third between 2013 and 2017 through a well-organized anti-pollution program initiated in 1998.
The program was divided into three phases: 1998-2008, 2009-2012, and 2013-2017, with a strong emphasis on regional cooperation and public participation.
Strategies Implemented in Beijing
Beijing targeted pollution sources, including energy structures (coal combustion), transportation (vehicles), and industrial & construction activities.
Key actions included:
Upgrading power plants and eliminating coal in residential heating.
Tightening vehicle emissions and expanding public transport.
Strengthening environmental requirements for industries and construction sites.
The final phase emphasized cooperation with surrounding regions to reduce pollution.
Beijing's Achievements
Between 2013 and 2017, Beijing achieved a significant reduction in pollutants:
Sulphur dioxide: -83%
Nitrogen oxide: -43%
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs): -42%
PM2.5: -59%
The government's investment in pollution control increased six-fold over four years, significantly contributing to this success.
Lessons for Delhi
Delhi needs to improve its public transport, including expanding buses and metros, and promote walking and cycling lanes.
Scrapping old vehicles and offering subsidies could help reduce pollution.
Delhi must move away from coal-based power generation and encourage solar energy.
Similar to Beijing, Delhi needs to collaborate with neighboring regions to control pollution from external sources.
People in Delhi must demand better air quality and hold the government accountable for ongoing air pollution issues.
The lack of political action is a significant barrier to addressing pollution.
Both central and state governments must take responsibility and act decisively.
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