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Classification of Denotified and Nomadic Tribes UPSC NOTE

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  Why in news The Anthropological Survey of India (AnSI) and Tribal Research Institutes (TRIs) have categorized 268 denotified, semi-nomad...

 Why in news

  • The Anthropological Survey of India (AnSI) and Tribal Research Institutes (TRIs) have categorized 268 denotified, semi-nomadic, and nomadic tribes across the country.

  • After a three-year study, 179 communities are recommended for inclusion in SC, ST, and OBC lists, with 85 being classified for the first time.

  • 63 communities were found “not traceable” due to assimilation, name changes, or migration.

  • The classification was conducted as part of a larger effort following the recommendations of the Idate Commission (2017).

Why was the study needed?

  • The Lokur Committee (1965), Mandal Commission (1980), Renke Commission (2008), and Idate Commission (2017) all attempted to classify these communities but were unsuccessful in fully identifying them.

  • The Prime Minister’s Office set up a Special Committee in 2019 to address the classification issue, with AnSI and TRIs conducting the ethnographic study.

  • The study was essential to ensure these communities can access benefits and welfare schemes meant for SC, ST, and OBC groups.

What is the need for categorization?

  • A December 2022 Parliamentary report criticized the government’s delays in categorizing these communities, noting it worsened their struggles to access welfare benefits.

  • Misclassifications, stemming from early censuses during colonial times and political considerations, made it hard to organize these communities effectively.

  • Community activists and experts emphasized that without a clear classification, organizing these tribes for social welfare has been challenging.

What will be the impact?

  • The classification has sparked political debates, with activists in states like UP, Haryana, Madhya Pradesh, and Gujarat pushing for inclusion in SC, ST, and OBC lists.

  • Two main views have emerged: one advocates completing the classification for access to reservation benefits, while the other calls for a separate “denotified tribes” category in the Constitution.

  • The study's recommendations will guide State governments in deciding whether and how to include these tribes in welfare programs.

What next?

  • AnSI and TRIs have completed their ethnographic study and submitted it to the Special Committee.

  • The committee is currently reviewing the recommendations and will prepare a final report, which the government will use to make decisions on classification and inclusion.

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Learnerz IAS | Concept oriented UPSC Classes in Malayalam: Classification of Denotified and Nomadic Tribes UPSC NOTE
Classification of Denotified and Nomadic Tribes UPSC NOTE
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Learnerz IAS | Concept oriented UPSC Classes in Malayalam
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