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Growing concern over groundwater contamination in India UPSC NOTE

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  This article highlights the growing concern over groundwater contamination in India , particularly with nitrates. Key findings: Nearly 56%...

 

  • This article highlights the growing concern over groundwater contamination in India, particularly with nitrates.

Key findings:

  • Nearly 56% of India's districts have excessive nitrate levels in groundwater, posing health risks and environmental concerns.

  • States with high nitrate levels: Rajasthan, Karnataka, and Tamil Nadu have the highest proportion of groundwater blocks with excessive nitrate levels.

  • Other contaminants: Besides nitrates, other contaminants like fluoride, arsenic, and uranium are also present in significant levels in groundwater, particularly in certain regions.

  • Over-exploitation of groundwater in many regions is leading to declining water levels and increasing contamination.

  • The Central Ground Water Board (CGWB) is expanding its groundwater monitoring network by installing digital water level recorders, which will improve data collection and analysis.

Concerns:

  • Health impacts: High nitrate levels in drinking water can lead to health problems like methemoglobinemia (blue baby syndrome) in infants.

  • Environmental impact: Nitrate pollution can lead to algal blooms in surface waters, disrupting aquatic ecosystems.

  • Over-exploitation of groundwater: Over-extraction of groundwater can lead to depletion of water resources, affecting agriculture and other sectors.

Addressing the issue:

  • Sustainable agricultural practices: Reducing the use of chemical fertilizers and promoting organic farming practices can help minimize nitrate pollution.

  • Improved wastewater treatment: Proper treatment of sewage and industrial effluents can prevent the contamination of groundwater.

  • Rainwater harvesting: Promoting rainwater harvesting and other water conservation measures can help reduce dependence on groundwater.

  • Effective groundwater management: Implementing regulations and policies to ensure sustainable groundwater extraction and prevent over-exploitation.

  • This article underscores the critical need for effective groundwater management and pollution control measures to ensure the long-term sustainability of this vital resource.

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Learnerz IAS | Concept oriented UPSC Classes in Malayalam: Growing concern over groundwater contamination in India UPSC NOTE
Growing concern over groundwater contamination in India UPSC NOTE
Learnerz IAS | Concept oriented UPSC Classes in Malayalam
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