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Shifting Alliances UPSC NOTE

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  Why Chad, Ivory Coast, and Senegal Asked for French Troops’ Withdrawal French military presence, rooted in colonial pacts, is seen as conf...

 Why Chad, Ivory Coast, and Senegal Asked for French Troops’ Withdrawal

  • French military presence, rooted in colonial pacts, is seen as conflicting with national sovereignty

  • These countries seek independent, reciprocal relations.

  • French troops have failed to stop insurgencies from groups like ISIS and al-Qaeda, fueling anti-French sentiment and calls for withdrawal.

  • West African countries, like Mali, Niger, and Burkina Faso, are turning to Russian mercenaries for support without the political constraints of France.

What French Withdrawal Means for African Countries

  • French departure ends decades of influence, while regional alliances like the Sahel states (Mali, Niger, Burkina Faso) aim to boost counter-terrorism efforts.

  • Insurgencies persist in Mali, Niger, and Burkina Faso, despite French withdrawal, with these countries high on the Global Terrorism Index.

What French Withdrawal Means for France

  • Withdrawal signals the end of the 'Françafrique' policy, shifting focus to economic and diplomatic relations over military ties.

  • Reduced influence complicates France’s ability to maintain economic interests, especially in Ivory Coast, where political instability looms.

  • With Russian mercenaries taking over, France’s global image as a defender against terrorism and human rights is undermined.

  • While ties with France have been strong, Ivory Coast’s future relationship with France is now uncertain.

Larger Waning of European Influence in Africa

  • Due to domestic issues like the war in Ukraine and economic pressures, Europe has reduced its military and development presence in Africa.

  • Russia fills the military vacuum left by France, while China boosts economic influence through the Belt and Road Initiative.

  • The EU’s trade surplus with Africa dropped 15%, while China’s surplus grew, signaling a shift in economic dominance.

  • European foreign policy is becoming more security-focused, emphasizing border management and migration

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Learnerz IAS | Concept oriented UPSC Classes in Malayalam: Shifting Alliances UPSC NOTE
Shifting Alliances UPSC NOTE
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