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Should voter IDs be linked with Aadhaar? UPSC NOTE

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  The Aam Aadmi Party (AAP) and the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) have accused each other of tampering with electoral rolls before the Delhi ...

 

  • The Aam Aadmi Party (AAP) and the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) have accused each other of tampering with electoral rolls before the Delhi Assembly elections.

  • This has brought the focus back on linking voter IDs/Election Photo Identity Cards (EPIC) with Aadhaar numbers.

History of the Proposal

  • Launch of NERPAP (2015): The Election Commission (EC) initiated the National Electoral Rolls Purification and Authentication Program (NERPAP) to address duplicate entries in electoral rolls.

  • EPIC data was linked with the Aadhaar database, with over 300 million voters linked in three months.

  • Supreme Court's Interim Order (August 2015):The Court ruled that Aadhaar use should only be mandatory for welfare schemes and PAN linking, leading to the discontinuation of NERPAP.

  • Puttaswamy Judgment (September 2018): Upheld the constitutional validity of the Aadhaar Act.

  • Amendments to RP Act and Rules (December 2021): Parliament amended the Representation of the People Act, 1950, and The Registration of Electors Rules, 1960 to allow EPIC-Aadhaar linking.

  • Providing Aadhaar was voluntary, as other documents like PAN card, Driving Licence, or Passport could also be submitted.

Current Status and Legal Challenges:

  • In September 2023, the EC informed the Supreme Court that Aadhaar submission is not mandatory.

  • However, Forms 6 and 6B still request Aadhaar details without reflecting the voluntary nature.

  • Voters must declare they do not possess an Aadhaar number to avoid submitting it.

Pros of EPIC-Aadhaar Linkage

  • Eliminating Duplicate Entries: Helps maintain accurate electoral rolls by identifying and removing duplicates.

  • Over 650 million Aadhaar numbers have already been linked.

Cons of EPIC-Aadhaar Linkage

  • Errors in Aadhaar Database: Even small errors could lead to wrongful rejection or deletion from electoral rolls.

  • Aadhaar as Proof of Residence, Not Citizenship: Aadhaar linkage cannot filter out non-citizens from the electoral roll

  • Privacy Concerns: Electoral rolls are widely shared with political parties, raising concerns about misuse, even if Aadhaar details are linked at the backend.

The Way Forward

  • Reinforcing Public Confidence: Efforts to link EPIC with Aadhaar must focus on gaining public trust through transparency.

  • Educating Voters: Launch awareness campaigns about the benefits of EPIC-Aadhaar linkage in cleaning up electoral rolls.

  • Address concerns about privacy and ensure voters’ secrecy remains uncompromised.

  • Updating Forms: Forms 6 and 6B should be updated to clearly state that providing Aadhaar is not mandatory

  • Ensuring Privacy and Accuracy: Safeguards must be implemented to prevent misuse of Aadhaar-linked electoral data.

  • Address errors in the Aadhaar database to avoid wrongful exclusions.

  • This comprehensive approach can ensure that EPIC-Aadhaar linkage strengthens democracy while maintaining voters’ rights and confidence.


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Learnerz IAS | Concept oriented UPSC Classes in Malayalam: Should voter IDs be linked with Aadhaar? UPSC NOTE
Should voter IDs be linked with Aadhaar? UPSC NOTE
Learnerz IAS | Concept oriented UPSC Classes in Malayalam
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