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Russia’s mRNA Cancer ‘Vaccine’ UPSC NOTE

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  Russia developed a new mRNA-based personalised cancer ‘vaccine’, expected to be available for free by early 2025 . Announced by Andrey Kap...

 

  • Russia developed a new mRNA-based personalised cancer ‘vaccine’, expected to be available for free by early 2025.

  • Announced by Andrey Kaprin, General Director of the Radiology Medical Research Center of the Russian Ministry of Health.

  • Alexander Gintsburg, Director of the Gamaleya National Research Center, stated that pre-clinical trials showed suppression of tumour growth and metastases.

What is an mRNA Cancer ‘Vaccine’?

  • Uses messenger RNA (mRNA) to train the immune system to detect and attack cancer cells.

  • Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, these are designed to treat existing cancer.

  • A form of immunotherapy that enhances the body’s natural immune response to target tumours.

How Do These ‘Vaccines’ Work?

  • Cancer cells evade immune detection; mRNA therapy boosts the immune system to recognize and destroy them.

  • Personalised treatment—targets specific antigens unique to each patient’s tumour.

  • Potentially fewer side effects compared to chemotherapy, as it spares healthy cells.

Other Global Research on mRNA Cancer ‘Vaccines’

  • U.K.: NHS launched the Cancer Vaccine Launch Pad to accelerate clinical trials.

  • U.S.: CureVac’s CVGBM cancer vaccine showed promise in phase 1 trials for glioblastoma (brain cancer).

  • Over 120 clinical trials are underway globally.

Challenges and Concerns

  • Cancer is not caused by a single pathogen, unlike infectious diseases, making the term ‘vaccine’ potentially misleading.

  • HPV vaccine prevents cervical cancer, and Hepatitis B vaccine may help prevent liver cancer—but mRNA cancer ‘vaccines’ are not preventive.

  • Limited public data on Russia’s mRNA treatment—unclear at what stage the research is.

  • Clinical trials take years, so safety and effectiveness are still unknown.

Future Outlook

  • Immunotherapy shows promise but is not suitable for all cancers or all patients.

  • More research needed to determine long-term success and safety.

  • Time will tell how effective these personalised mRNA cancer ‘vaccines’ will be.

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Learnerz IAS | Concept oriented UPSC Classes in Malayalam: Russia’s mRNA Cancer ‘Vaccine’ UPSC NOTE
Russia’s mRNA Cancer ‘Vaccine’ UPSC NOTE
Learnerz IAS | Concept oriented UPSC Classes in Malayalam
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