The Story So Far
Uttarakhand passed a Uniform Civil Code in February 2024 requiring registration of live-in relationships, affecting both residents and non-residents of the state.
This rule violates privacy rights under Article 21 of the Constitution, according to legal experts, as it intrudes into personal matters.
Registration Process
Only unmarried, heterosexual couples can enter into live-in relationships.
Registration can be done online or offline with a 16-page form, and extensive documents such as PAN, Aadhaar, photographs, and proof of residence must be submitted.
Couples aged 18-21 need to provide parental details and notify them about the relationship.
Relationship History and Status
The rules treat live-in relationships similarly to marriage, requiring approval if partners are related by blood.
Couples must disclose prior relationships and their current marital status (single, married, divorced, etc.).
Housing and Landlord Involvement
Proof of shared accommodation (e.g., electricity/water bills) is required for couples living together.
If living in rented accommodation, couples must submit a copy of the rent agreement and the landlord’s contact details, who will be contacted for verification.
Couples not yet living together must apply for a provisional certificate and secure housing within 30 days (with a 15-day extension).
Penalties for Non-compliance
The registrar has the authority to conduct inquiries to ensure authenticity and prevent coercion, misrepresentation, or fraud.
Penalties for non-registration or false information include fines and imprisonment.
Repeat offenders face escalating penalties.
Expert Opinions on Privacy and Data Security
Critics argue that the rules lead to social surveillance of personal relationships, which could disproportionately affect interfaith and inter-caste couples.
Experts raise concerns about third-party disclosures of personal data without adequate safeguards.
The lack of penalties for third-party data leaks could expose personal information, creating safety risks.
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