Global Trade & Arctic Trade Routes
Global trade is shifting, with countries adapting new strategies due to changing political landscapes and climate change.
The Arctic, especially the Northern Sea Route (NSR), is emerging as a crucial new trade route due to shrinking ice, saving time and costs.
India views the NSR not only as an economic opportunity but also strategically important for long-term trade planning.
India’s Arctic Engagement & Policy
India signed the Svalbard Treaty in 1920, establishing early ties to the Arctic region.
India is the only developing nation besides China with an Arctic research base, Himadri, demonstrating its commitment to Arctic studies.
To effectively use the NSR, India needs to upgrade its maritime infrastructure, particularly ice-breaking fleets, and streamline its Arctic policy.
India should focus on capacity-building, training, and international collaboration to improve its Arctic readiness.
Geopolitical Challenges in Arctic Partnerships
Russia is a key partner for India in exploring the NSR due to its extensive Arctic experience and coastline.
India faces a dilemma in balancing relations between Russia (and China’s Polar Silk Road) and Western bloc partners like the U.S.
A strategic approach may involve collaborating with both Russia and the U.S., along with countries like Japan and South Korea, to secure a fair share of Arctic opportunities.
Climate Change & Global Warming Impact
Melting Arctic ice signals a larger climate crisis, with rising global temperatures putting ecosystems at risk.
India must balance the economic benefits of Arctic access with the environmental responsibility to avoid exacerbating climate change.
The upcoming Arctic Circle India Forum can help India move its Arctic policy forward, focusing on both economic and environmental considerations.
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