Current Situation
On May 12, 17 districts in Andhra Pradesh saw temperatures above 41°C.
Telangana recorded over 40°C in all 33 districts by April 21.
Both States often experience extreme summer heat and frequent heatwaves.
Geographical Reasons
Located near the Tropic of Cancer, so the sun is directly overhead in summer, increasing heat.
Telangana is landlocked with no large water bodies, leading to a continental climate (hotter days, cooler nights).
Rocky terrain and black soil absorb more heat than forested or irrigated areas.
Role of Irrigation and Vegetation
Less agriculture and green cover during summer reduce evaporative cooling.
Evaporative cooling happens when water evaporates and cools the surrounding area — but this is limited in these States.
Lack of forest cover and minimal irrigation contribute to higher temperatures.
Rainfall and Climate Conditions
From March to May, these States get very little rain.
Low cloud cover and increased sunshine heat the land further.
Monsoon arrives late (after June 10), leaving a long, hot pre-monsoon period.
What Needs to Be Done
Better early warning systems are needed — current systems are limited.
Areas should be categorized by dry or humid heat to prepare more targeted responses.
Improving irrigation, increasing green cover, and urban planning can help lower local temperatures.
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