Operation Sindoor and Ceasefire
Operation Sindoor was India’s military response to the April 22 terrorist attack in Pahalgam.
It targeted nine terrorist-linked sites in Pakistan, associated with groups like LeT, JeM, and Hizb-ul-Mujahideen.
India emphasized that the operation was against terror infrastructure, not the Pakistani military or civilians.
Pakistan claimed it downed Indian jets and retaliated with drone and missile intrusions, which India countered.
A ceasefire began on May 10 after intense escalation and diplomatic talks; it appears to be holding.
Diplomatic and Military Escalation
India halted diplomatic ties, suspended the Indus Waters Treaty, and closed border trade before the strike.
After Pakistan’s retaliatory attacks, India responded by striking nine more Pakistani military targets using precision weapons like BrahMos and Scalp missiles.
Diplomatic outreach with countries, especially the U.S., helped manage the international response.
The U.S. initially stayed neutral but later got involved after nuclear concerns surfaced in Pakistan.
U.S. Role and International Pressure
The U.S. changed stance quickly once Pakistan’s National Command Authority (which oversees nuclear weapons) was expected to meet.
Key U.S. leaders spoke to both Indian and Pakistani officials urging de-escalation.
U.S. President Donald Trump’s early announcement of the ceasefire raised questions about behind-the-scenes diplomacy.
Historically, the U.S. has helped de-escalate India-Pakistan crises without directly mediating.
Strategic Shifts and India’s ‘New Normal’
PM Modi declared that India won’t be deterred by Pakistan’s nuclear threats (or “nuclear blackmail”).
He warned that future responses may not only target terrorists but also those who support or plan attacks — hinting at targeting Pak’s military.
India’s new strategy expands retaliation space under the nuclear threshold, similar to 2016 (surgical strikes) and 2019 (Balakot airstrike), but with broader reach now.
This approach requires stronger intelligence, upgraded military capabilities, and better coordination of unmanned systems and satellite assets.
Modi firmly stated that terror cannot coexist with talks, trade, or peace.
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