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Northern Sea Route UPSC NOTE

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  Indian Involvement in Murmansk's Cargo Traffic: Murmansk, known as the Arctic capital, is a key point for the Northern Sea Route (NSR...

 Indian Involvement in Murmansk's Cargo Traffic:

  • Murmansk, known as the Arctic capital, is a key point for the Northern Sea Route (NSR).

  • In the first seven months of 2023, Indian involvement accounted for 35% of the eight million tonnes of cargo handled by Murmansk port.

Significance of the Arctic Region for India:

  • The vulnerability of the Arctic region to climate changes has implications for India's economic and water security.

  • The area holds potential hydrocarbon reserves, and India's approach aligns with UN Sustainable Development Goals.

Historical Engagement with the Arctic:

  • India's engagement traces back to the 1920 signing of the Svalbard Treaty in Paris.

  • In this treaty, international diplomacy recognized Norwegian sovereignty (the Norwegian administration went in effect by 1925) and other principles relating to Svalbard.

  • India conducts diverse scientific studies in the Arctic, including atmospheric, biological, marine, hydrological, and glaciological research.

The Northern Sea Route (NSR):

  • The NSR, a shipping route, connects Europe and Asia-Pacific countries.

  • It covers four seas in the Arctic Ocean, offering potential distance savings compared to Suez or Panama routes.

Russia's Role in Navigating the NSR:

  • Russia maintains nuclear-powered icebreakers to facilitate safe navigation on the icebound Arctic seas.

  • Rosatom's fleet operator, FSUE Atomflot, oversees the nuclear icebreaker fleet's operation.

Driving Factors for India's Participation:

  • Growing cargo traffic along the NSR, with a 73% growth rate from 2018 to 2022.

  • India's increasing import of crude oil and coal from Russia contributes to the NSR's importance.

  • The Chennai-Vladivostok Maritime Corridor (CVMC) project aims to link India with container transit through the NSR.

  • The CVMC project reduces transport time, benefiting trade between India and Russia.

Prospects and Future Developments:

  • The Russian government's NSR development plan targets 80 million tonnes of cargo traffic by 2024 and 150 million tonnes by 2030.

  • A Russian delegation held discussions with Indian businesses on NSR development, seeking Indian companies' participation.

  • A workshop involving stakeholders from India and Russia is expected in the second half of October for the CVMC project.


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Learnerz IAS | Concept oriented UPSC Classes in Malayalam: Northern Sea Route UPSC NOTE
Northern Sea Route UPSC NOTE
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