What is superconductivity?
Superconductivity is a set of physical properties observed in certain materials where electrical resistance vanishes and magnetic flux fields are expelled from the material.
What are superconductors?
Any material exhibiting these superconductivity properties is a superconductor.
A superconductor is a material that can conduct electricity with zero resistance when it is cooled below a certain temperature, known as the critical temperature or Tc.
When a superconductor is below this temperature, electrons can move through the material without any resistance, allowing for the creation of extremely powerful magnets and highly efficient electrical systems.
An electric current through a loop of superconducting wire can persist indefinitely with no power source.
The superconductivity phenomenon was discovered in 1911 by Dutch physicist Heike Kamerlingh Onnes.
It is characterized by the Meissner effect, the complete ejection of magnetic field lines from the interior of the superconductor during its transitions into the superconducting state.
Scientists have been searching for a material that can superconduct at room temperature and pressure for decades.
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