Male mice showed a higher frequency of metastasis and worse survival outcomes, similar to humans.
The researchers identified an upregulated gene on the Y chromosome that contributes to colorectal cancer in males.
This gene is responsible for driving tumor invasion and aiding immune escape in colorectal cancer.
The Y chromosome, traditionally associated with male characteristics, has been implicated in cancer outcomes.
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In bladder cancer, the loss of the Y chromosome is associated with poor prognosis and worse outcomes.
Loss of the Y chromosome leads to a more immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment in bladder cancer.
Tumors lacking the Y chromosome are more aggressive and show a dampened T cell-mediated immune response.
Loss of the Y chromosome is associated with increased response to anti-PD1 checkpoint blockade therapy in both mice and humans.
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This suggests a potential line of treatment for a subset of bladder cancers characterized by Y chromosome loss.
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