False


Download Learnerz IAS app from the Play Store now! Download

$show=search/label/May%202022

 


Rising gap in Incomes UPSC NOTE

SHARE:

  Findings of a recent study which challenges the claim of declining income inequality in India Unlike previous surveys, the PLFS records gr...

 Findings of a recent study which challenges the claim of declining income inequality in India

  • Unlike previous surveys, the PLFS records gross incomes of the self-employed, thus allowing for a greater depth of analysis.

  • To be sure, the analysis presented here is a preliminary one, and does not adjust for possible errors in self-reporting of incomes, for those individuals reporting zero income or no income, or seasonal adjustments (since incomes of the self-employed in agriculture varies over the year).

  • Only those individuals who earn income from work are considered, excluding those who work as unpaid family helpers (a large proportion of whom are women).

  • The category of the self-employed includes own-account workers — such as individual farmers, roadside hawkers, etc.

  • In this simple analysis, only nominal weekly incomes are considered, without adjusting for inflation.

  • As shown in Table 1, the Gini coefficient has fallen from 0.4297 in 2017-18 to 0.4197 in 2022-23

  • When comparing the different forms of employment, the Gini coefficient falls for regular wage and casual wage workers, but rises for the self-employed. 

  • The Gini for the self-employed workers rises from 0.37 to 0.3765, an increase of 1.5%.

  • For regular and casual wage workers, the Gini coefficients register falls of 1.7% and 4.8%, respectively.

  • Inequality no doubt has fallen, but inequality among the top income earners seems to have fallen far more than when we consider the population as a whole.

  • The Gini coefficient is an aggregate measure, which delivers an estimate of inequality considering all incomes in a given sample. 

  • It is possible for the Gini coefficient to register a fall in inequality even with a divergence between different classes of income-earners

  • Figure 1 outlines a process of polarisation occurring in the Indian economy

  • Income-earners in the two PLFS surveys are divided into deciles, and the average weekly income of each decile is estimated for both periods. 

  • The yearly rate of growth of average weekly incomes for each decile over a five-year period is then calculated, and charted.

  • This is a preliminary analysis of certain broad trends, and more rigorous study is required to fully understand these changes

  • Nonetheless, we may try to advance an explanation for these contradictory changes occurring in the economy regarding inequality.

  • As has been extensively documented, the rise in women’s labour force participation has primarily come about through forms of low-paid, part-time self-employed work

  • Households may be earning more, and women may be working, but this increase in low-paid self-employed work has led to an increase in the gap between the top and bottom of self-employed incomes.

What is Gini coefficient

  • The Gini coefficient is a statistical measure of income or wealth inequality within a population.

  • It is usually expressed as a number between 0 and 1, where 0 represents perfect equality (everyone has the same income) and 1 represents perfect inequality (one person has all the income, while everyone else has none).

  • Imagine a country with 100 people, ranked from the poorest to the richest.

  • The Gini coefficient measures the area between the line of perfect equality (a 45-degree diagonal line) and the Lorenz curve, which shows the actual distribution of income.

  • A larger area indicates greater inequality.

  • For example, a Gini coefficient of 0.30 means that 30% of the total income in the country is concentrated in the hands of the top 20% of earners.

  • The Gini coefficient is a useful tool for policymakers and researchers because it provides a quantifiable way to compare income inequality across different countries and over time. 

  • It can also be used to assess the impact of different policies on inequality.

COMMENTS

Name

Amritsar,1,April 2024,301,Art & Culture,11,August 2023,251,August 2024,400,Courses,7,Daily Current Affairs,51,December 2023,189,Disaster Management,2,Environment and Ecology,292,February 2024,228,Foundation Course,1,Free Class,1,GDP,1,GEMS Club,1,GEMS Plus,1,Geography,302,Govt Schemes,2,GS 2,1,GS1,52,GS2,341,GS3,219,GST,1,History,11,Home,3,IAS Booklist,1,Important News,71,Indian Economy,289,Indian History,21,Indian Polity,330,International Organisation,12,International Relations,233,Invasive Plant,1,January 2024,240,July 2023,281,July 2024,375,June 2022,6,June 2023,268,June 2024,324,March 2024,238,May 2022,17,May 2024,330,Mentorship,2,November 2023,169,November 2024,47,October 2023,203,October 2024,369,Places in News,2,Science & Technology,280,Science and Technology,119,September 2023,205,September 2024,336,UPSC CSE,115,UPSC Tips,4,
ltr
item
Learnerz IAS | Concept oriented UPSC Classes in Malayalam: Rising gap in Incomes UPSC NOTE
Rising gap in Incomes UPSC NOTE
Learnerz IAS | Concept oriented UPSC Classes in Malayalam
https://www.learnerz.in/2024/01/rising-gap-in-incomes-upsc-note.html
https://www.learnerz.in/
https://www.learnerz.in/
https://www.learnerz.in/2024/01/rising-gap-in-incomes-upsc-note.html
true
4761292069385420868
UTF-8
Loaded All Posts Not found any posts VIEW ALL Readmore Reply Cancel reply Delete By Home PAGES POSTS View All RECOMMENDED FOR YOU LABEL ARCHIVE SEARCH ALL POSTS Not found any post match with your request Back Home Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sun Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat January February March April May June July August September October November December Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec just now 1 minute ago $$1$$ minutes ago 1 hour ago $$1$$ hours ago Yesterday $$1$$ days ago $$1$$ weeks ago more than 5 weeks ago Followers Follow THIS PREMIUM CONTENT IS LOCKED STEP 1: Share to a social network STEP 2: Click the link on your social network Copy All Code Select All Code All codes were copied to your clipboard Can not copy the codes / texts, please press [CTRL]+[C] (or CMD+C with Mac) to copy Table of Content