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Great Nicobar Island Project & ANIIDCO UPSC NOTE

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  Overview of the Project: Andaman and Nicobar Islands Integrated Development Corporation (ANIIDCO) is leading a ₹72,000 crore mega i nfras...

 Overview of the Project:

  • Andaman and Nicobar Islands Integrated Development Corporation (ANIIDCO) is leading a ₹72,000 crore mega infrastructure project on Great Nicobar Island, promoted by NITI Aayog.

Project Components:

  • Trans-shipment port.

  • Greenfield airport.

  • Tourism and township development.

  • Solar and gas-based power plant.

  • Location: Great Nicobar, the southernmost island in the Andaman and Nicobar archipelago.

  • Concerns: ANIIDCO, a little-known quasi-government agency based in Port Blair, has been entrusted with the responsibility of this large-scale, high-risk project.

  • ANIIDCO Incorporated on June 28, 1988, under the Companies Act.

  • To Develop and exploit natural resources in an environmentally friendly manner for the balanced development of the territory.

Main Activities:

  • Trading of petroleum products, Indian made foreign liquor, and milk.

  • Managing tourism resorts and infrastructure for tourism and fisheries.

  • Over the last three financial years, ANIIDCO’s average annual turnover is ₹370 crore, and its average profit is ₹35 crore.

  • ANIIDCO’s experience, capabilities, and resources are considered inadequate for handling a high-profile project like the one in Great Nicobar, a biodiversity hotspot with indigenous communities and high tectonic activity.

  • When appointed as project proponent in July 2020, ANIIDCO lacked an environmental policy or a dedicated environment cell.

  • It wasn’t until late 2022, more than two years after its appointment, that ANIIDCO began recruiting experts such as urban planners, environmental specialists, architects, and infrastructure experts.

  • In May 2021, the Expert Appraisal Committee (EAC) of the Union environment ministry asked ANIIDCO several questions about its environmental governance.

  • ANIIDCO admitted in August 2021 that it did not have a corporate environmental policy.

  • Despite lacking a policy, ANIIDCO was granted environmental clearance by the EAC in November 2022.

  • In 2022, the Conservation Action Trust filed a petition before the National Green Tribunal (NGT) challenging the Stage 1 forest clearance granted by the Union Environment Ministry.

  • At the time, ANIIDCO’s managing director also held the position of Commissioner cum Secretary (Environment and Forests), creating a conflict where the project proponent was responsible for certifying itself.

  • The Chief Secretary of the islands, who is also the chairman of ANIIDCO’s board, was made a key member of the NGT’s high-powered committee to investigate complaints against the project. 

  • This raised concerns about ANIIDCO evaluating its own actions again.

  • Many individuals working for ANIIDCO also serve in various capacities within the Andaman and Nicobar administration, managing environmental and tribal welfare issues.

  • The former Lieutenant Governor of the islands expressed confidence in ANIIDCO’s ability to handle the project but emphasized that external expert agencies would be required for its successful execution.

  • Concerns remain about ANIIDCO’s ability to handle the ₹72,000 crore Great Nicobar project, given its current capacity, internal conflicts of interest, and lack of prior experience with large-scale infrastructure and environmental governance.

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Learnerz IAS | Concept oriented UPSC Classes in Malayalam: Great Nicobar Island Project & ANIIDCO UPSC NOTE
Great Nicobar Island Project & ANIIDCO UPSC NOTE
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Learnerz IAS | Concept oriented UPSC Classes in Malayalam
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