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Rann of Kutch and Indian Wild Ass UPSC NOTE

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  The Rann of Kutch was formed 150-200 million years ago when the Arabian Sea encroached on the region. Subsequent geological upheavals cre...

 

  • The Rann of Kutch was formed 150-200 million years ago when the Arabian Sea encroached on the region.

  • Subsequent geological upheavals created a landmass that isolated the Kutch basin from the sea.

The Little Rann of Kutch

  • The Little Rann of Kutch is situated at the end of the Gulf of Kutch, primarily in the Surendranagar district of Gujarat.

  • It is a vast, barren salt flat for most of the year, transforming into a shallow wetland during the monsoon.

  • The wetland features approximately 75 elevated pieces of land known as "bets."

The Wild Ass Sanctuary

  • The Little Rann of Kutch is home to the wild ass sanctuary, the only remaining habitat for the Indian wild ass (Equus hemionus khur).

  • Around 6,000 Indian wild asses, locally called "khur," inhabit this area.

  • The terrain is harsh, with dry and xerophytic vegetation, but the khur are well-adapted to survive in such conditions.

  • The khur has outlasted predators like cheetahs and lions that were once present in the region.

Characteristics of the Indian Wild Ass

  • The khur is similar in size to a zebra and has a lifespan of 21 years.

  • They live in stable groups consisting of females and young, while stallions are generally solitary.

  • The khur can reach speeds of up to 70 km per hour on the flat terrain of the Rann.

  • Mares face long gestation periods and can experience concurrent lactation and pregnancy.

  • The khur population faced near-extinction due to diseases like African Horse Sickness and Surra.

  • Disease outbreaks led to a low level of genetic diversity among the survivors.

  • Due to conservation efforts, the khur population has rebounded in recent decades.

Human-Wildlife Conflicts

  • The Little Rann is a significant source of salt production in India, attracting human activity.

  • Seasonal migration of people and livestock poses threats to the ecosystem.

  • Irrigation canals can increase soil salinity and impact wildlife habitat.

  • The khur are often blamed for crop raiding, but other animals like nilgai and feral pigs cause more damage.

  • A proper separation of human-dominated areas from the sanctuary would be beneficial for both wildlife and human activities.

Nilgai
FeralPigScan > Home

Feral Pigs


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Learnerz IAS | Concept oriented UPSC Classes in Malayalam: Rann of Kutch and Indian Wild Ass UPSC NOTE
Rann of Kutch and Indian Wild Ass UPSC NOTE
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