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Enhancing Vaccine Durability UPSC NOTE

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  Challenges in Developing Long-Lasting Vaccines Many vaccines do not provide long-lasting immunity; they often require boosters . It's ...

 Challenges in Developing Long-Lasting Vaccines

  • Many vaccines do not provide long-lasting immunity; they often require boosters.

  • It's hard to determine what immune responses correlate with effective protection.

  • Current vaccines may not effectively prevent infection or the spread of diseases.

The Role of Long-Lasting Plasma Cells (LLPCs)

  • LLPCs are specialized cells that produce antibodies and can survive long-term in the bone marrow, providing lasting protection.

  • Memory B-Cells: These cells remember pathogens, enabling the body to respond quickly if re-exposed.

  • The presence of LLPCs is essential for long-term immunity after vaccination or infection.


Challenges in Inducing LLPCs

  • Not all vaccine types effectively stimulate the production of LLPCs; specific antigens are needed.

  • BCR Cross-Linking (Cross-linking between receptors) : Successful induction of LLPCs requires special signals from B-cell receptors, which may not be effectively triggered by some vaccines.

  • Studies show that COVID-19 mRNA Vaccines struggled to generate LLPCs, leading to waning immunity.


Way Forward

  • More research is needed to understand how to stimulate LLPCs and memory cells effectively in different populations.

  • Future vaccines should explore innovative immunogens and delivery mechanisms to enhance LLPC generation.

  • Investigating how different adjuvants (substances that enhance immune response) work can improve vaccine effectiveness.

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Learnerz IAS | Concept oriented UPSC Classes in Malayalam: Enhancing Vaccine Durability UPSC NOTE
Enhancing Vaccine Durability UPSC NOTE
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Learnerz IAS | Concept oriented UPSC Classes in Malayalam
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