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U.S. Presidential Election Process UPSC NOTE

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  U.S. citizens vote on November 5 for the 47th President in the 60th quadrennial elections. Main candidates: Republican Donald Trump and ...

 

  • U.S. citizens vote on November 5 for the 47th President in the 60th quadrennial elections.

  • Main candidates: Republican Donald Trump and Democrat Kamala Harris.

Electoral College System:

  • The winner is decided by electoral college votes, not the popular vote.

  • Historical examples include George Bush Jr. (2000) and Donald Trump (2016), where electoral votes determined the winner despite popular vote outcomes.

What is the Electoral College?:

  • An intermediary process where voters select electors who then vote for the President.

  • Each State’s electors are proportional to its Congressional representation (House + Senate).

  • Originated to balance State representation in the election.

Election Process:

  • Each party nominates electors for each State.

  • Electors from the winning party of the popular vote in each State vote in December.

  • Most electors follow their State’s popular vote; those who don’t are called "faithless electors."

  • States with maximum electoral votes: California (54), Texas (40), Florida (30).

  • 538 total electoral votes; 270 needed to win.

Tie Scenario:

  • Only happened twice (1800, 1824); resolved by the House of Representatives.

  • If a tie occurs, the House votes by State delegation to elect the President, needing 26 State votes.

  • Congress counts electoral votes in early January, and the new President takes office on January 20, 2025.

If House Fails to Decide:

  • Vice-President serves as Acting President until a decision is reached.

  • Senate elects the Vice-President with 51 votes needed for a majority.

  • Possible for the President and Vice-President to be from different parties.

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Learnerz IAS | Concept oriented UPSC Classes in Malayalam: U.S. Presidential Election Process UPSC NOTE
U.S. Presidential Election Process UPSC NOTE
Learnerz IAS | Concept oriented UPSC Classes in Malayalam
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