Africa’s Growing Nuclear Energy Ambitions
The Russia-Ukraine war highlighted the need for energy security globally, pushing African nations to explore nuclear energy as a key solution.
Currently, Africa has only one nuclear plant in South Africa, but countries like Ghana, Nigeria, Sudan, Rwanda, Kenya, and Zambia are planning to expand nuclear energy to improve electricity access.
By 2035, Africa aims to generate 15,000 MW of nuclear energy, with investments expected to reach $105 billion.
Global Players Competing for Africa’s Nuclear Market
France dominated Africa’s nuclear market but is losing influence, especially in Francophone countries.
Russia has agreements with Egypt, Mali, Burkina Faso, and Burundi, and is building a reactor in El Dabaa, Egypt.
China is the leader, with strong partnerships, including agreements with Nigeria, Uganda, and Ghana, and involvement in building nuclear plants and transmission networks.
South Korea and the U.S. are also vying for a share, with South Korea focusing on reactors and the U.S. promoting small modular reactors (SMRs).
Impact on India’s Strategic Interests
China’s dominance in Africa’s nuclear sector poses a challenge to India’s energy security and ambitions for global nuclear leadership.
India’s plans to generate 100 GW of nuclear energy by 2047 rely on securing resources like uranium from Africa, with agreements in Namibia and potential projects in Niger.
China’s control over nuclear infrastructure and transmission networks in Africa could limit India’s influence and access to critical resources.
India’s Strategic Response Needed
India must strengthen its nuclear cooperation with African countries, focusing on technology transfer, uranium mining, and joint ventures.
Expanding diplomatic ties and leveraging its nuclear expertise can help India compete with China’s growing influence
Investing in Africa’s clean energy sector can also support India’s global energy security
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