Importance of Census Data
Census data plays a key role in shaping public policy in India, offering insights into sectors like health, education, and employment.
The Modi government’s decision to include caste enumeration in the Census is seen as a step toward addressing the needs of marginalized communities, especially the OBCs.
Support for the Caste Census
Proponents argue that caste data will help assess socio-economic conditions within caste groups and guide targeted affirmative action.
This data could also help identify intra-group inequalities, especially within the OBC category, leading to more informed policies for Extremely Backward Classes (EBCs).
Limitations of the Caste Census
Caste enumeration, while important, should not be seen as the sole basis for social and economic justice.
Elevating the Census to the central tool for policymaking risks politicizing it and undermines its role as a neutral data-gathering exercise.
The government should focus on implementing policies based on available evidence, rather than waiting for perfect data.
Historical Context of Social Justice Policies
Past social justice policies, like reservations and land reforms, were driven by political struggle and mass mobilization, not just data.
The Modi government's EWS reservation was not based on statistical data, demonstrating that policy decisions often stem from political power rather than data.
Existing Data on Caste-Based Inequality
There is already substantial data on caste-based inequalities, such as in the decennial Census and national surveys, which highlight persistent disadvantages for SCs, STs, and OBCs.
Reports like the Bihar Caste Survey and SECC show deep vulnerabilities and inequality within the OBC category, yet no transformative national policies have been implemented.
The Role of Political Will
Despite the data available, the central government has yet to implement significant reforms for marginalized communities, particularly the OBCs.
Data alone does not drive policy—political will and democratic pressure are crucial in crafting effective public policy.
A caste census can provide insights, but it’s the political will that will lead to concrete, effective measures for social justice and inclusion.
COMMENTS