Balancing Revenue Generation and Environmental Impact:
States generate revenue and employment through tourism, construction, and infrastructure projects.
However, some of these activities carry a significant environmental cost.
A recent case involving Umiam Lake highlights the need to protect natural beauty amidst development.
Umiam Lake Case and Environmental Impact:
The Meghalaya High Court heard a PIL on Umiam Lake's cleanliness.
The court observed that promoting tourism should not harm the state's natural beauty.
Guidelines lacked provisions for addressing construction around waterbodies.
Environmental Significance of Northeast India:
Northeast India is rich in resources such as oil, natural gas, minerals, and freshwater.
Biodiversity hotspots like Garo-Khasi-Jaintia hills and Brahmaputra valley are present.
Environmental issues include deforestation, floods, and challenges from existing industries.
Challenges with Environmental Laws:
India has developed numerous environmental laws and policies since the 1980s.
Environmental offenses are addressed as "public nuisance" under IPC Sections 268 to 290.
The Sixth Schedule of the Constitution grants autonomy to District Councils, affecting land use regulations.
PILs and Judicial Activism:
Articles 32 and 226 of the Constitution encourage PILs and judicial activism.
National Green Tribunal imposed fines on state governments for environmental violations.
Strict guidelines and penalties from judicial and quasi-judicial bodies protect flora and fauna.
Sustainable Policies and Priorities:
Governments must create revenue, employment, and infrastructure sustainably.
North East Industrial Development Scheme (NEIDS) includes a "Negative List" to exclude entities not meeting environmental standards.
"Act Fast for Northeast" policy should prioritize both trade and commerce and environmental preservation.
COMMENTS