International Day for Biological Diversity - May 22
Biodiversity and Its Importance
Biodiversity refers to the variety of life forms on Earth, crucial for human well-being, a healthy planet, and economic prosperity.
About 25% of species are at risk of extinction, threatening ecosystems and human life.
International Day for Biological Diversity highlights the need for harmony with nature and sustainable development.
The Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework aims to conserve 30% of global biodiversity by 2030.
Urban Biodiversity and Green Spaces
Almost half the world's population lives in urban areas, and this is expected to rise to 70% by 2050.
Urban greenery provides health benefits, such as temperature control, pollution reduction, water conservation, and noise reduction.
Economic benefits include the value of tree services, such as flood control and air purification.
UN Habitat’s 3-30-300 principle suggests each neighborhood should have 30% tree canopy cover and public green space within a 300-meter walk from homes.
City Biodiversity Index and Strategies
The City Biodiversity Index assesses cities' biodiversity through indicators like native species and ecosystem services.
Examples: Kochi, Gangtok, and Nagpur have created local biodiversity strategies for improvement.
Greening projects like Chennai's Koyambedu market have proven successful in boosting biodiversity and attracting wildlife.
Restoring urban water bodies is crucial for preserving ecosystems, as many are polluted or encroached upon.
Collective Action and Sustainable Development
City managers must ensure protection for biodiversity, preventing destruction of green spaces and water bodies.
In Hyderabad, the Supreme Court has acted against mass tree destruction for development projects.
Community involvement is essential in urban greening and water body conservation, making biodiversity protection a collective responsibility.
Policies should encourage sustainable urban development that supports biodiversity conservation.
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