Importance of Census:
Provides vital data for allocating resources and beneficiaries for various welfare schemes (schools, PDS etc.).
The only source of primary data at the village, town, and ward level.
Crucial for sample selection in numerous surveys (consumption, health) and effective implementation of government schemes.'
Current Situation:
The last census in India was conducted in 2011.
The decennial census has been postponed indefinitely since 2021.
India is among a select few countries (including conflict zones) that haven't conducted the latest census.
Reasons Cited by Government (Disputed):
The government claims the pandemic caused the delay.
However, 143 out of 189 countries conducted their censuses after March 2020
Comparison with Other Nations:
Among the 10 most populous countries, only India and Nigeria haven't conducted a census.
BRICS nations (except India) and neighboring countries (Nepal, Maldives, Bhutan, Bangladesh) have completed their censuses.
Consequences of Delayed Census:
Welfare Schemes: Outdated data leads to exclusion of eligible beneficiaries from schemes like PDS, National Family Security Act (ration cards). Millions may be excluded.
Sample Surveys: Reliance on 2011 data for sample selection in crucial surveys like consumption patterns and health can lead to inaccurate results.
Resource Allocation: Difficulty in identifying areas with highest needs for schools like Eklavya Model Residential Schools (EMRS) for tribal children.
The delay in conducting the census poses a serious challenge for effective implementation of welfare schemes and accurate data collection in India.
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